Exposure to environmental factors during fetal development may lead to epigenomic
modifications in fetal germ cells, altering gene expression and promoting diseases in successive …

Amphioxus belongs to the subphylum cephalochordata, a clade of chordates phylogenetically
placed at the most basal position. Despite many studies on the endocrine system of …

The cephalochordate, amphioxus, is phylogenetically placed at the most primitive position in
the chordate clade. Despite many studies on the endocrine system of amphioxus, definitive …

Fate determination of primordial germ cells (PGCs) is regulated in a multi‐layered manner,
involving signaling pathways, epigenetic mechanisms, and transcriptional control. Chemical …

Background Serine proteases act through the proteolytic cleavage of the hemagglutinin (HA)
of influenza viruses for the entry of influenza virus into cells, resulting in infection. However, …

Background The excess and persistent accumulation of fibroblasts due to aberrant tissue
repair results in fibrotic diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Recent reports have …

Aim: Surfactant protein-C (SP-C) of alveolar epithelial type II cells (ATII) plays a key role in
maintaining alveolar integrity and repair. Mutations or decreased expression of SFTPC, the …

Objective Growing evidence suggests that endothelial injury is involved in the pathophysiology
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Circulating endothelial microparticles (…

Circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are membrane vesicles that are shed into the
blood stream from activated or apoptotic endothelial cells. We previously reported that …

In mouse embryos, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are fate-determined from epiblast cells.
Signaling pathways involved in PGC formation have been identified, but their epigenetic …