Exercise ventilation (V′ E ) relative to carbon dioxide output (V′ CO 2 ) is particularly relevant
to patients limited by the respiratory system, eg those with chronic obstructive pulmonary …

Nitric oxide (NO) can temporally and spatially match microvascular oxygen (O 2 ) delivery (Q̇o
2mv ) to O 2 uptake (V̇o 2 ) in the skeletal muscle, a crucial adjustment-to-exercise …

Impaired muscle blood flow at the onset of heavy-intensity exercise may transiently reduce
microvascular O 2 pressure and decrease the rate of O 2 transfer from capillary to …

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexist, particularly in the elderly. Given their rising …

Systolic heart failure is a common and disabling co-morbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) which may increase exercise ventilation due to heightened neural drive …

Rationale: An increased ventilatory response to exertional metabolic demand (high V . e/ V .
co 2 relationship) is a common finding in patients with coexistent chronic obstructive …

Background: Exercise is essential for patients with heart failure as it leads to a reduction in
morbidity and mortality as well as improved functional capacity and oxygen uptake (v̇O 2 ). …

Heart failure, a prevalent and disabling co-morbidity of COPD, may impair cardiac output
and muscle blood flow thereby contributing to exercise intolerance. To investigate the role of …

Background: Exercise training (ET) improves functional capacity in chronic heart failure (HF).
However, ET effects in acute HF are unknown. Objective: To investigate the effects of ET …

Background: Exercise is essential for patients with heart failure as it leads to a reduction in
morbidity and mortality as well as improved functional capacity and oxygen uptake (v̇O2). …