Nitric oxide (NO) can temporally and spatially match microvascular oxygen (O 2 ) delivery (Q̇o
2mv ) to O 2 uptake (V̇o 2 ) in the skeletal muscle, a crucial adjustment-to-exercise …

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexist, particularly in the elderly. Given their rising …

Background: Frailty is identified as a major predictor of adverse outcomes in older surgical
patients. However, the outcomes in pre-frail patients after cardiovascular surgery remain …

Background Frailty is a biological syndrome that causes adverse events in the health of
older adults. However, the Clinical Frailty Scale has not yet been culturally adapted and …

Impairment in oxygen (O 2 ) delivery to the central nervous system (“brain”) and skeletal
locomotor muscle during exercise has been associated with central and peripheral …

Background: Exercise training (ET) improves functional capacity in chronic heart failure (HF).
However, ET effects in acute HF are unknown. Objective: To investigate the effects of ET …

Background: Exercise is essential for patients with heart failure as it leads to a reduction in
morbidity and mortality as well as improved functional capacity and oxygen uptake (v̇O 2 ). …

Heart failure, a prevalent and disabling co-morbidity of COPD, may impair cardiac output
and muscle blood flow thereby contributing to exercise intolerance. To investigate the role of …

Background: The rate of change (Δ) in cerebral oxygenation (COx) during exercise is
influenced by blood flow and arterial O 2 content (CaO 2 ). It is currently unclear whether ΔCOx …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygenation (COx) are generally well-preserved in COPD. It
is unknown whether prevalent cardiovascular co-morbidities, such as heart failure, may …