Immune-regulatory mechanisms of drug-free remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are
unknown. We hypothesized that synovial tissue macrophages (STM), which persist in remission, …

Synovial tissue macrophages (STMs) were principally recognized as having a pro-inflammatory
role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), serving as the main producers of pathogenic tumour …

Alternatively activated macrophages (AAM) play a crucial role in type 2 immunity. Mice
deficient in ST2, a receptor for the latest member of the IL-1 family, IL-33, have impaired type 2 …

MicroRNA (miRNA) species (miR) regulate mRNA translation and are implicated as
mediators of disease pathology via coordinated regulation of molecular effector pathways. …

IL-33, a cytokine of the IL-1 family, is closely associated with type II T cell responses. Here,
we report an unexpected proinflammatory role of IL-33 in inflammatory arthritis. IL-33 was …

Type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) play a pivotal role in helminthic infection and allergic
disorders. CD4+ T cells which produce type 2 cytokines can be generated via IL-4-…

Although microRNA (miRNA) regulation of TLR signaling is well established, this has not yet
been observed for NLR proteins or the inflammasomes they form. We have now validated a …

Background The initiation and regulation of pulmonary fibrosis are not well understood. IL-33,
an important cytokine for respiratory diseases, is overexpressed in the lungs of patients …

IL-33 has emerged as an important mediator in the immunopathogenesis of allergy and
asthma. However, the role of IL-33 in eosinophil-mediated inflammation has not been fully …

Objective To determine the role and expression of the cytokine/receptor pair interleukin‐21 (IL‐21)/IL‐21
receptor (IL‐21R) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The expression of IL‐…