Asia harbors substantial cultural and linguistic diversity, but the geographic structure of genetic
variation across the continent remains enigmatic. Here we report a large-scale survey of …

Hair morphology is one of the most differentiated traits among human populations. However,
genetic backgrounds of hair morphological differences among populations have not been …

Insulin resistance is a major cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Resistin, an
adipocyte-secreted hormone, antagonizes insulin. Transgenic mice that overexpress the resistin …

OBJECTIVE—Resistin, secreted from adipocytes, causes insulin resistance in rodents. We
previously reported that the G/G genotype of a resistin gene promoter single nucleotide …

The CRISPR-Cas9 system has recently emerged as a versatile tool for biological and medical
research. In this system, a single guide RNA (sgRNA) directs the endonuclease Cas9 to a …

BACKGROUND: Neural endocannabinoid function appears to be involved in schizophrenia.
Two endocannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, are found in the brain and elsewhere in the …

It has been suggested that Neel’s “thrifty genotype” model may account for high body weights
in some Oceanic populations, which presumably arose in modern times. In European …

The hemoglobin E variant (HbE; β 26Glu→Lys) is concentrated in parts of Southeast Asia
where malaria is endemic, and HbE carrier status has been shown to confer some protection …

Narcolepsy (hypocretin deficiency), a sleep disorder characterized by sleepiness, cataplexy
and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities, is tightly associated with HLA-DRB1*…

The Japanese Archipelago stretches over 4000 km from north to south, and is the homeland
of the three human populations; the Ainu, the Mainland Japanese and the Ryukyuan. The …