Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airway inflammation
and/or airflow limitation due to pulmonary emphysema. Chronic bronchitis, pulmonary …

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) is a leading cause of community acquired pneumonia.
Knowledge regarding Mp pneumonia obtained from animal models or human subjects has been …

Viral respiratory infections may be associated with the virus-induced asthma in adults as well
as children. Particularly, human rhinovirus is strongly suggested a major candidate for the …

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is typically preceded by sexually transmitted disease or gastrointestinal
infection. An association has also been reported with bacterial and viral respiratory …

Background: Recent reports have suggested an involvement of neutrophilic inflammation
driven by interleukin (IL)-17 from Th17 cells, especially in severe, refractory asthma. It remains …

Background Pleural separation, the “split pleura” sign, has been reported in patients with
empyema. However, the diagnostic yield of the split pleura sign for complicated …

For the purpose of nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory
pathogens from patients in Japan, the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC) started …

Procalcitonin (PCT), a calcitonin precursor, is commonly measured in the setting of
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, the clinical significance of serial PCT changes has …

The nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens
from patients in Japan, was conducted by Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese …

Rationale: Neutrophilic airway inflammation plays a central role in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)1 is a neutrophil chemokine involved …