Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonosis occurring as large outbreaks throughout the world
caused by Leptospira interrogans. The incidence of pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis …

Background In patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome, massive alveolar
collapse and cyclic lung reopening and overdistention during mechanical ventilation may …

Background Mechanical-ventilation strategies that use lower end-inspiratory (plateau)
airway pressures, lower tidal volumes (V T ), and higher positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEPs…

O suporte ventilatório artificial invasivo e não invasivo ao paciente crítico tem evoluído e
inúmeras evidências têm surgido, podendo ter impacto na melhora da sobrevida e da …

Rationale: The hypothesis that lung collapse is detrimental during the acute respiratory
distress syndrome is still debatable. One of the difficulties is the lack of an efficient maneuver to …

The diaphragm is the main muscle of respiration, acting continuously and uninterruptedly to
sustain the task of breathing. Diaphragmatic dysfunction can occur secondary to numerous …

Imbalances in regional lung ventilation, with gravity-dependent collapse and overdistention
of nondependent zones, are likely associated to ventilator-induced lung injury. Electric …

Rationale: Mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has decreased after the
adoption of lung-protective strategies. Lower Vt, lower driving pressure (ΔP), lower …

Background/Aims—The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)/usual interstitial
pneumonia (UIP), a chronic and incurable human respiratory disease, is not well established…

Impairment of (inspiratory and expiratory) respiratory muscles is a common clinical finding,
not only in patients with neuromuscular disease but also in patients with primary disease of …