Aspergilloma and massive haemoptysis

BMJ Case Rep. 2014 Apr 16:2014:bcr2013200019. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200019.

Abstract

A 40-year-old homeless woman who was a known intravenous drug user and heroin smoker, presented with massive haemoptysis. Initial CT-pulmonary angiogram (CT-PA) did not show active haemorrhage but found an opacity in a right upper lobe cavity likely to represent a mycetoma. She was started on antifungal therapy but haemoptysis persisted and bronchial angiography was performed. Again no active haemorrhage was identified but abnormal vasculature was seen supplying the right upper lobe. This was empirically embolised with particles which did not improve her symptoms. A subsequent CT-PA identified a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm in the cavity wall which was successfully embolised. There was no further haemoptysis and a repeat CT-PA 3 weeks later showed continuing occlusion of the pulmonary artery aneurysm. Investigations for tuberculosis were negative and she was discharged clinically well and on long-term antifungal therapy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aneurysm, False
  • Angiography
  • Antifungal Agents / therapeutic use
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / methods
  • Female
  • Hemoptysis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Hemoptysis / etiology
  • Hemoptysis / therapy
  • Humans
  • Ill-Housed Persons
  • Mycetoma / complications
  • Mycetoma / diagnostic imaging*
  • Mycetoma / drug therapy
  • Pulmonary Artery / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pulmonary Aspergillosis / complications
  • Pulmonary Aspergillosis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pulmonary Aspergillosis / drug therapy
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Substance Abuse, Intravenous* / complications
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Triazoles / therapeutic use
  • Voriconazole

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Pyrimidines
  • Triazoles
  • Voriconazole