Tracheobronchoplastic procedures formed part of the operation for lung cancer in 41 patients of a Regional Hospital in Russia over the past 2 and a half years. Twenty-nine patients underwent sleeve lobectomy; in a further 12 patients, right pneumonectomy was combined with resection of other mediastinal structures. In 16 patients, sleeve lobectomy was indicated by the high risk of pneumonectomy. Involvement of the carina in the tumour indicated its resection. High frequency jet ventilation was a particular feature of anaesthesia for carinal resection. Omentopexy was used in 10 patients to prevent dehiscence of the bronchial anastomosis. Postoperative complications were encountered in 10 patients. The most frequent, in patients, was dehiscence of the tracheobronchial anastomosis after resection of the carina. Five patients died after operation, the causes of death being dehiscence of anastomosis, pneumonia, empyema, and acute heart failure. Despite the frequency of complications, tracheobronchoplastic operations are often the only possible option in the surgery of extensive lung cancer.