Abstract
Background: WHO 2014 Global report on tuberculosis- 97,000 patients were started on MDR-TB treatment in 2013. 2nd line drugs have a lot of side effects.
Aims: Evaluate common and rare side effects of long term treatment of MDR and XDR TB.
Methods: 26 patients diagnosed MDR (23) or XDR (3) TB at a tertiary hospital were followed up every month and side effects recorded.
Treatment was given as per guidelines by Revised National tuberculosis control programme - India.
Drugs used: MDR-Kanamycin,Levofloxacin,Ethambutol,Pyrizinamide,Cycloserine,Ethionamide.
XDR-Capriomycin, PAS, Moxifloxacin, High Dose INH, Clofazamine, Linezolid, Amoxycillin+clavulunic acid
Result: Common Side Effects-
Uncommon side effects:
Side effects | Number of Patients(Percentage) |
Hearing loss | 3(15%) |
Joint pain | 3(15%) |
Swelling | 2(10%) |
Itching | 2(10%) |
Redness | 2(10%) |
Flushing | 2(10%) |
Darkening of skin and Pruritus | 2(10%) |
Hepatitis | 1(5%) |
Mental Disorder | 1(5%) |
Anxiety | 1(5%) |
Conclusion:
Commonest side effects were gastrointestinal -Gastritis, Vomiting, Reduced Appetite
25%-Peripheral Neuropathy due to Ethionamide
25%-Depression, 20% suicidal tendencies due to cycloserine
15%-Ototoxicity due to aminoglycosides which was reversible after discontinuation.
Patients should be counselled regarding side effects especially hearing loss and psychiatric symptoms and regularly followed up to prevent permanent damage and ensure compliance.
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