Abstract
Introduction:
Active maternal smoking during pregnancy is recognized as the most preventable risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. However, the effect of passive maternal smoking is less clear and has not been extensively studied.
Aim of the study:To demonstrate whether maternal passive exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is associated with maternal fetal and neonatal complications.
Material and methods:
Our study compared 42 pregnant women exposed to passive smoking and 45 others non-exposed. We collected data on the course of their pregnancy and neonatal period.
Results:
The mean age of our patients was 31 years (20 to 44 years). The number of pregnancies per women was 2.2. Among exposed patients, we had one diabetic and another hypertensive and among the other group, we had 3 diabetics, 2 hypertensives and one asthmatic. During their pregnancies, gestational diabetes occurred in 11 exposed women (EW) and in 5 non-exposed women (NEW) (OR=3.8, p=0.349). Toxemia occurred in 7EW and in 5NEW (OR=1.6, p=0.453). Premature rupture of the amniotic sac happened in 3 EW and 1NEW at least at one of their pregnancies (OR=3.8, p=0.349). 16 EW and 9 NEW had at least one abortion and one fetal death in utero (OR=2.46, p=0.62). Fetal development was complicated with an intrauterine growth retardation in 4 EW and 2 NEW and with malformation in 2 EW and in 1 NEW (OR=2.2, p=0.608). Acute fetal distress happened in 4 EW (p=0.50). Neonatal respiratory complications have been recorded in 8 EW and 1 new born ( OR=10.35,p=0.13).
Conclusion
Passive smoking seems to increase the risk of maternal, fetal and even neonatal complications. An awareness program is mandatory to avoid such morbidities.
- © 2014 ERS