Summary:
Flow–volume loops showing the effects of exercise on tidal volume (VT) in a) healthy control subjects >40 yrs of age; and b) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); –––––: outer maximal limits of flow and volume and inner resting VT; – – –: increased VT and flows seen with exercise; –– - –– -: inspiratory capacity (IC) manoeuvre to total lung capacity (TLC) used to anchor tidal flow–volume loops within the respective maximal loops; -----: predicted normal maximal expiratory loop. RV: residual volume. Healthy subjects are able to increase both their VT and inspiratory and expiratory flows. In COPD, expiratory flow is already maximal during resting ventilation. In order to increase expiratory flow further, these patients must hyperinflate.
Type:
Figure
Sub Component:
Normal
Slug:
F31
Highwire: Type:
fragment
Highwire: Parent:
HighWire: Journal/Corpus Code:
ersbk
Highwire: pisa_id:
ersbk;9781904097808/1/chapter_3/F31
Highwire: pisa_master:
ersbk;9781904097808/1/chapter_3/F31
HighWire: Atom Path:
/ersbk/9781904097808/9781904097808/SEC5/F31.atom
Highwire: cpath:
/content/9781904097808/9781904097808/SEC5/F31
Image - Large:
Highwire: cpathalias:
/content/ersbk/9781904097808/9781904097808/SEC5/F31
Image - Medium:
Highwire: Variants:
expansion
Image - Small:
Highwire: State:
Released
Contributors:
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