Summary:
Vitamin D metabolism in health and disease. The source of vitamin D includes diet (e.g. milk), sun exposure and supplements. Regardless of source, it is converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the liver. Normally, the enzyme 1-α-hydroxylase metabolises 25-hydroxyvitamin D to calcitriol in the kidney. The activity of 1-α-hydroxylase is regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), which responds to serum calcium. In sarcoidosis, 1-α-hydroxylase activity in the granuloma is regulated by IFN. This can lead to excessive serum levels of calcitriol. Reproduced and modified from [1] with permission.
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